The Historic Nepal - Bihar earthquake measuring M 8.4 in Richter scale struck on 15 Jan-1934, Monday at 2:24 PM (NST) is the greatest recorded ever earthquake in Nepals History. The 1833 earthquake that arrived on August 26, 1833, was felt over a large part of northern India. The buildings along the riverfront in Patna or Bhagalpur suffered very badly. Impact Summary; Majority of seismic events in the Kumaun-Garhwal Himalayas region is located close to the MCT or north and south of it. Soc. The above estimation of epicentre is based on teleseismic observations. Paleoseismic evidence of great surface rupture earthquakes along the Indian himalaya. 117, S2, 773-782. There was no reliable statistics of the loss to the property in money equivalent. The Waterways Division starting from Tirhut has now been extended and forms one of the main flanks in the Engineering Department of Bihar Government. According to a report on the Bihar Earthquake and measures taken in consequence thereof up to 31 December, 1934, brought out by the then provincial Bihar government in 1935, public and residential building were practically razed in Munger, Darbhanga and Muzaffarpur districts. Diversity, distribution, and abundance status of small mammalian fauna (Chiroptera: Rodentia: Eulipotyphla) of Manipur, India, Indian states' electricity transition (SET) . Surv. Some river beds had moved away from their direction and Captain L. E. Whitehead, Pilot Superintendent of I. G. Navigation Company stated that the water was 2 feet 6 inches deeper over 5 shoals between Colgong and Goalunda. Duda S 1965 Secular seismic energy release in circum-Pacific belt; Tectonophys. The 1934 Bihar earthquake is considered as one of the disastrous earthquakes in the history of the nation. Rajendran, C. P., John, B., Rajendran, K., & Sanwal, J. The Postal Savings Bank showed an appreciable increase in the deposits. 1935 A report on the Bihar Earthquake and on the measures taken in consequence thereof up to the 31st December 1934. , Relief Commissioner, Bihar and Orissa. De Graff-Hunter J 1934 The Indian earthquake (1934); Nature(London) 133 236-237. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. [14] Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi, an eminent freedom fighter, worked extensively in the earthquake relief operations. B., Ghosh, A. M. N., & Wadia, D. N. (1939). Everest. 125 people lost their lives, 248 were seriously injured. Mem. The epicenter of the earthquake was in Nepal six miles south of Mt. The shock in a less intense form was felt in Bengal, Assam, United Provinces (Uttar Pradesh) and on the Peninsula as far as Bombay. The country is one of the 20 most threatened countries in the world. Sci. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. Earth quake cause landslides f Effects Seismic sea waves (TUSNAMIS) f Effects Damage to human life and structures f Effects Faults, thrust and folds f Other Effects More devastating fires Change in surface drainage and underground circulation of water Depression forming lakes fDistribution f Distribution About 60 % of all Site Response of the Ganges Basin inferred from re-evaluated Macroseismic Observations from the M8.1 Shillong 1897, M7.8 Kangra 1905 and 1934 Nepal M8.1 earthquakes. Geological society (Vol. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in As this earthquake occurred in the early afternoon, when most people were outdoors, only 12,000 people were killed. Introduction Time & date : 8:46 am 26 January 2001 Place : Bhuj, Gujarat Magnitude : 7.9 Intensity : X Epicenter : 23.419N 70.232E Focal length : 23 kms Season : Winter Damages : Over 18,600 persons are dead and over 167,000 injured. and extensive damages to buildings, roads, bridges, railway tracks and cultivation fields were caused. No precise geodetic measurements were in place across the 1934 rupture area due to Nepal's political isolation in 1850 when the Trigonometrical Survey of India was in progress. January 1934 at Bihar, Nepal with a magnitude Mw of 8.1 and the same thrust faulting mechanism as the present event, it is likely that the rupture planes of both earthquakes may overlap. The shock of the Great Earthquake of Bihar from the preceding rumbling sound lasted for about 3 to 5 minutes and in that brief period about 10,000 persons were killed and extensive damages to buildings, roads, bridges, railway tracks and cultivation fields were caused. Singh D D and Gupta H K 1980 Source dynamics of two great earthquakes of the Indian subcontinent; the Bihar- Nepal earthquake of January 15, 1934 and the Quetta earthquake of May 30, 1935; Bull. Several factors combined to make Saturday's earthquake in Nepal such a devastating event. Bijih logam ditem terlebih dahulu dilakukan http://goo.gl/f0vB7K A magnitude M W 7.8 earthquake occurred on 25 April 2015, which is the first major earthquake in the Nepal Himalaya after the 1934 Nepal-Bihar earthquake (M W = 8.1) [7]. Journal of Nepal Geological Society, 5, 2244. News from the country was available only next morning, showing that Patna, Monghyr and Jamalpur had suffered severely. The epicenter of the earthquake was in Nepal six miles south of Mt. Estimating the return times of great Himalayan earthquakes in eastern Nepal: evidence from the Patu and Bardibas strands of the main frontal thrust. The post earthquake reconstruction of roads, buildings, bridges, etc. Soc. ), Historical disaster experiences, transcultural researchHeidelberg studies on Asia and Europe in a global context (p. 241266). News from the country was available only next morning, showing that Patna, Monghyr and Jamalpur had suffered severely. [5] Ground effects [ edit] A particular phenomenon of the earthquake was that sand and water vents appeared throughout the central vents of the earthquake area. . Image Courtesy : Nepal Ko Mahabhukampa by Shree M. J Brahma Sumsher. 423482). India, 73. Journal of Earth System Science. Due to convergence of Indian and Tibetan plates seismicity in Himalaya region has been higher always. It was then learnt that the area enclosed by the Ganges, the Gandak and the Kosi, in which lie the districts of Champaran, Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga and Bhagalpur had suffered most severely. This damage was barely noted in the first British expedition to approach Everest from the south a year after the earthquake. Rana, B. S. (1935). 117, S2, 773-782. The epicentre of the earthquake was located in eastern Nepal. 5. Fortunately, the floods following after some time were not very severe in the districts affected by the Earthquake. The earthquake took place on January 15 around two o'clock in the afternoon and cause widespread damage. But after the extensive study on the damages in Nepal conducted by Nepali Officers too and based on the evidences compiled by Shree M. J Brahma Sumsher, later it was relocated within Nepal. 46 10.1016/S0065-2687(03)46001-9. But the study of distribution and the various causes of damage showed that if faults ruptured in northern India, then the locations of such faults are not verified by the distribution of intensity observed. 82 2945-2969. . Ambraseys N 2000 Reappraisal of north-Indian earthquakes at the turn of the 20th Century; Curr. [6], In Muzaffarpur, sand fissures erupted at several places in town. This sea was gradually consumed through the subduction of the oceanic floor beneath Tibet. In Bhagalpur district many buildings collapsed. Everest. India As of 27 April 2015 at 4:14 p.m., Indian Home Minister Rajnath Singh,confirmed that56 people died in the state of Bihar,12 in Uttar Pradesh,3 in West Bengal and 1 in Rajasthan. Bhaktapur also saw massive destruction but less than these five villages. 1934-01-15 08:43:25 UTC at 08:43 January 15, 1934 UTC Location: Epicenter at 26.885, 86.589 19.2 km from Lahn (12.2 miles) Nepal India Border . Great pending himalaya earthquakes. For this reason the earthquake appears on many maps in the the wrong location (almost 200 km too far south).The reason for this was partly due to its misleading early instrumental location, partly due to the sedimentary basin amplification of seismic waves south of the epicenter, which resulted in massive damage near the Ganges, and partly due to the exclusion of foreigners from Nepal (1815 to 1950) which lead to much of the damage in Nepal in not being recognized. Lett. Zones like Dharan, Sindhuli, Udayapur and Bhojpur were severely damaged. There is evidence that even larger events have occurred in the past, and geodetic and seismic monitoring show that stress is accumulating now. Everest. Journal of Geophysical Research, 89(B7), 62036227. Even in Bihar province, affected parts were northern and central areas. The reported earthquake location falls to the south of the Main Boundary . Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 100(2), 562569. Soc. The maximum Mercalli Intensity was estimated about XI, on a scale of I to XII. Location and magnitude of the 1833 Nepal earthquake and its relation to the rupture zones of contiguous great Himalayan earthquakes. The distribution of intensity of the Bihar-Nepal earthquake of 15 January 1934 and bounds on the extent of the rupture zone. Geol. An M6.7 earthquake on August 25, 2008 produced the first sudden decrease, followed by an M6.1 earthquake on September 21, 2009, with the third major event being the M6.9 event on September 18, 2011. Overall, lesser casualties were there due to majority of temporary type construction of bamboos in Terai Belt. (Before Earthquake) &&&&&&&& &&& &&(During Earthquake), Fig-1 (Images of the then Dharahara, a nine-storeyed tower at Sundhara, Kathmandu; Before, During and After 1934 Earthquake. A., Auden, J. The towns of Munger and Muzaffarpur were completely destroyed. listrik dan panas, serta mempunyai titik cair tinggi. Dehra Dun,. Liquefaction studies using trench excavations at locations known to have suffered liquefaction in 1934 (Sukhija et al., 2002) . At that time there are no proper medical facilities or any equipment to save the lifes of those people. About two hundred million years ago an ocean separated India from the rest of Eurasia. Sukhija, B. S., Rao, M. N., Reddy, D. V., Nagabhushanam, P., Kumar, D., Lakshmi, B. V., & Sharma, P. (2002). Kumar, S., Wesnousky, S. G., Rockwell, T. K., Ragona, D., Thakur, V. C., & Seitz, G. G. (2001). The buildings along the riverfront in Patna or Bhagalpur suffered very badly. Almost half of the bridges in the valley would be impassible, and 10 percent of all paved roads would have moderate damage, such as deep cracks or subsidence. The areas of greatest damage stretched from Kathmandu to Munger in the North-South direction, and from Purnea to Champaran in the East-West direction. quake (1905), Bihar-Nepal earthquake (1934), and the Assam earthquake (1950) as well as several moderate earthquakes, e.g. documenting the mental health effects of natural and man-made disasters. Seismol. Dhunche Nepal is situated within this seismically active Himalayan mountain belt. Over 70% of the building collapsed in Kathmandu. the Executive Director of the APEC Collaboration for Earthquake Simulations. In H. J. Couchman (Ed. Bollinger, L., Sapkota, S. N., Tapponnier, P., Klinger, Y., Rizza, M., Van Der Woerd, J., Tiwari, D. R., Pandey, R., Bitri, A., & Bes de Berc, S. (2014). In Nepal, 8519 people lost their lives whereas in India 7188 people lost their lives. 13-National Earthquake Safety Day, 2011, Nepal. Additionally, Devastatingdisasters.com participates in various other affiliate programs, and we sometimes get a commission through purchases made through our links. Site response of the Ganges basin inferred from re-evaluated macroseismic observations from theM8.1 Shillong 1897, M7.8 Kangra 1905 and 1934Nepal M 8.1 earthquakes. Kumar, S., Wesnousky, S., Rockwell, T. K., Briggs, R. W., Thakur, V. C., & Jayangondaperumal, R. (2006). the worst was the 1934 earthquake in which more than 10,000 people lost their lives, followed . Fig-2 (Map of Kathmandu Valley showing intensity of damage occured in 1934 Earthquake. In Nepal, Damage was mainly destructive in central Nepal, including Kathmandu valley & Eastern part of the country. Based on teleseismic observations using trench excavations at locations known to have suffered liquefaction in 1934 ( et! For the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to inbox! Shree M. 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