"Every moment lost is worth the life of a thousand men". Report of the Sub-committee", "Abraham Lincoln to Cabinet, Tuesday, May 03, 1864 (Fort Pillow massacre)", "Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest and the KKK", "General Nathan Bedford Forrest Versus the Ku Klux Klan", "Memphis daily appeal. [170] These developments worked to the advantage of the Republicans, who focused on the Democratic Party's alleged disloyalty during and after the Civil War. Forrest is often erroneously quoted as saying his strategy was to "git thar fustest with the mostest". [186] His eulogy was delivered by his recent spiritual mentor, former Confederate chaplain George Tucker Stainback, who declared in his eulogy: "Lieutenant-General Nathan Bedford Forrest, though dead, yet speaketh. He reported for training at Fort Wright near Randolph, Tennessee,[41] joining Captain Josiah White's cavalry company, the Tennessee Mounted Rifles (Seventh Tennessee Cavalry), as a private along with his youngest brother and 15-year-old son. [39] A great-grandson, Nathan Bedford Forrest III (19051943), graduated from West Point and rose to the rank of brigadier general in the U.S. Army Air Corps; he was killed during a bombing raid over Nazi Germany in 1943, becoming the first American general to die in combat in the European theater during World War II. Forrest's legacy as "one of the most controversialand popularicons of the war" still draws heated public debate. You have been good soldiers. One of the wounded Matlock men survived and served under Forrest during the Civil War. Forrest County, Mississippi is named after him, as is Forrest City, Arkansas. They were the parents of at least 1 son and 1 daughter. Nathan Bedford Forrest, fdd 13 juli 1821 i Chapel Hill, Tennessee, dd 29 oktober 1877 i Memphis, Tennessee, var en amerikansk plantagegare och generalljtnant i sydstatsarmn under amerikanska inbrdeskriget. [190], On July 7, 2015, the Memphis City Council unanimously voted to remove the statue of Forrest from Health Sciences Park, and to return the remains of Forrest and his wife to Elmwood Cemetery. I heard him make a speech in one of our Dens". Grant wrote in his memoirs that Forrest, in his report of the battle, had "left out the part which shocks humanity to read". Nathan Bedford Forrest Title Lieutenant General War & Affiliation Civil War / Confederate Date of Birth - Death July 13, 1821 - October 29, 1877 Nathan Bedford Forrest, one of the most polarizing figures of the Civil War era, was born July 13, 1821 in Chapel Hill, Tennessee - a small town on the Duck River. [208] At the time the school was all white, but now more than half the student body is black. [122] A week later, General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Grant in Virginia. Nathan Bedford Forrest birth b: 13 Jul 1821 in Bedford then now,TN 2. [253], In June 2020, after Black members of the Tennessee House of Representatives unsuccessfully asked it to eliminate a state celebration of Forrest, Representative Cameron Sexton opined: "I dont think anybody here is truly racist. The Civil War Trust (a division of the American Battlefield Trust) and its partners have acquired and preserved 77 acres (0.31 km 2) of the Okolona battlefield. [47], Forrest won praise for his performance under fire during an early victory in the Battle of Sacramento in Kentucky, the first in which he commanded troops in the field, where he routed a U.S. Army force by personally leading a cavalry charge that Brigadier General Charles Clark later commended. If you read Eddy W. Davison's "Nathan Bedford Forrest: In Search of the Enigma," on page 464 and 474-475, you can see that Forrest not only publicly disavowed the KKK and worked to terminate it, but in August 1874, Forrest "volunteered to help 'exterminate' those men responsible for the continued violence against the blacks." After the murder of four blacks by a lynch mob after they were . [243] On March 10, 2012, it was vandalized, and the bronze bust of the general disappeared. 29.--Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest, Daniel Foxx. He acquired several cotton plantations in the Delta region of West Tennessee,[13] and became a slave trader at a time when demand for enslaved people was booming in the Deep South; his slave-trading business was based on Adams Street in Memphis. [192] Consequently, Memphis sold the park land to Memphis Greenspace, a non-profit entity not subject to the Tennessee Heritage Protection Act, which immediately removed the monument as explained below. 100. [255] Sexton said that he believed the removal of the bust "aligns with the teaching of communism. The historical record does not support his repeated denials that he knew a massacre was taking place or that he even knew a massacre had occurred at all. When he expressed his opinion to one of General Forrest's granddaughters, she replied after a pause, "You know, we never thought much of Mr. Lincoln in my family". [99] President Abraham Lincoln asked his cabinet for opinions as to how the United States should respond to the massacre. The school in Jacksonville was named for Forrest in 1959 at the urging of the Daughters of the Confederacy because they were upset about the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision. Middle Tennessee. But there is more to the story than that. Perhaps the most highly regarded cavalry and partisan ( guerrilla) leader in the war, Forrest is regarded by many military historians as that conflict's most innovative and successful general. . [81] What happened next became known as the Fort Pillow Massacre. Plan in Mississippi raises hackles", "Proposed Mississippi License Plate Would Honor Early KKK Leader", "Group Wants KKK Founder Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest on License Plate", "Haley Barbour Won't Denounce Proposal Honoring Confederate General, Early KKK Leader", "Bust of Civil War General Stirs Anger in Alabama", "Petition Against Selma's Ku Klux Klan Monument", "Mayor Wharton: Remove Nathan Bedford Forrest statue and body from park", "Nathan Bedford Forrest statue won't be relocated", "Tennessee House Punishes Memphis For Confederate Statue Removal", "Nathan Bedford Forrest's descendant: Move the bust from Tennessee's Capitol Featured letter", "Gov. [144] Another member wrote, "N. B. The Life of Nathan Bedford Forrest by Brian Steel Wills. [197] It is now the site of the Arnold Engineering Development Center. A successful cavalry commander during the Civil War noted for his tactics of mobile warfare,. Although the KKK appears in several fictions (for example, Absalom! Forrest had fewer men than the U.S. side but feigned having a larger force by repeatedly parading some around a hilltop until Streight was convinced to surrender his 1,500 or so exhausted troops (historians Kevin Dougherty and Keith S. Hebert say he had about 1,700 men). He was buried in Elmwood Cemetery in Memphis, but in 1904 his remains were interred in Memphis's Forrest Park. The list included the names of 7 officers and 219 white enlisted soldiers. He served as the first Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan, a secret vigilante organization which launched a reign of . In June 1861, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and became one of the few soldiers during the war to enlist as a private and be promoted to general without any prior military training. 731-593-6445. The Confederate States of America a slave narrator cites Nathan Bedford Forrest as the leader of a Confederate army that massacred hundreds of freed slaves in the North shortly after the Civil War, possibly an alternate reference to the Fort Pillow Massacre. [81] Forrest's men immediately took over the fort, while U.S. Army soldiers retreated to the lower bluffs of the river, but the USS New Era did not come to their rescue. [147][148][149][150][151][152][153], Following the war, the United States Congress began passing the Reconstruction Acts to specify conditions for the readmission of former Confederate States to the United States,[154][155][156] including ratification of the Fourteenth (1868), and Fifteenth (1870) Amendments to the United States Constitution. Nathan Bedford Forrest Born: 13-Jul - 1821 Birthplace: Chapel Hill, TN Died: 29-Oct - 1877 Location of death: Memphis, TN Cause of death: Diabetes complications Remains: Buried, Forrest Park, Memphis, TN Gender: Male Race or Ethnicity: White Sexual orientation: Straight Occupation: Military Nationality: United States After his cavalry captured a U.S. artillery battery, he broke out of a siege headed by Major General Ulysses S. Grant, rallying nearly 4,000 troops and leading them to escape across the Cumberland River. Gene Kizer, Jr. can t use carpenter's workbench skyrim; how long does it take a rat to starve to death; cowboy hat making supplies; why would i get a letter from circuit clerk [171][172] Forrest played a prominent role in the spread of the Klan in the Southern United States, meeting with racist whites in Atlanta several times between February and March 1868. [173] The Klan's violent tactics backfired, as Grant, whose slogan was "Let us have peace", won the election and Republicans gained a majority in Congress. [63][64][65], Not all of Forrest's exploits of individual combat involved enemy troops. Gen. James H. Wilson, defeated Forrest at the Battle of Selma on April 2, 1865. . [70] Like several others under Bragg's command, he urged an immediate follow-up attack to recapture Chattanooga, which had fallen a few weeks before. Nathan Bedford Forrest statue.jpg 2,048 1,536; 1.03 MB. Their great-grandfather, Shadrach Forrest, moved between 1730 and 1740 from Virginia to North Carolina, where his son and grandson were born; they moved to Tennessee in 1806. [102] The Chicago Tribune said Forrest and his brothers were "slave drivers and woman whippers", while Forrest himself was described as "mean, vindictive, cruel, and unscrupulous". He sidestepped some questions and pleaded failure of memory on others. Parents and Siblings. [15] John Allan Wyeth, who served in an Alabama regiment under Forrest, described it as a one-room building with a loft and no windows. [120] A portion of his command, now dismounted, was surprised and captured in their camp at Verona, Mississippi on December 25, 1864, during a raid of the Mobile and Ohio Railroad by a brigade of Brig. The day was worse for U.S. troops, who suffered 223 killed, 394 wounded, and 1,623 missing. Nathan Bedford Forrest was certainly an extraordinary man, a Herculean hero of the American wilderness who has blotted his copybook amongst the politically correct because of allegations stemming from his capture of Fort Pillow and his part in the original Ku Klux Klan. Bragg failed to do so, upon which Forrest was quoted as saying, "What does he fight battles for? Nathan became wealthy in the 1850s as a cotton planter and slave trader: he was based in Memphis, Tennessee but owned land in western Tennessee and northern Mississippi. He used his cavalry troops as mounted infantry and often deployed artillery as the lead in battle, thus helping to "revolutionize cavalry tactics",[3] although the Confederate high command is seen by some commentators to have underappreciated his talents. . [217] Forrest fought by simple rules; he maintained that "war means fighting and fighting means killing" and the way to win was "to get there first with the most men". The aphorism was addressed and corrected as "Ma'am, I got there first with the most men" by a New York Times story in 1918. [34][35] He also contracted the disease, but survived; his father recovered but died from residual effects of the disease five years later when Bedford was 16. Nathan Bedford Forrest Quotes. His mother, Miriam, then married James Horatio Luxton, of Marshall, Texas, in 1843 and gave birth to four more children.[36]. Forrest probably organized a statewide Klan network in Georgia during these visits. [121], In the spring of 1865, Forrest led an unsuccessful defense of the state of Alabama against Wilson's Raid. Laying down the body, Forrest spread his handkerchief over his dead brother's face and, calling on a member of his escort to remain with the corpse, he mounted his horse and said to those who were present: "Follow me.". Nathan Bedford Forrest was the only soldier to rise from the rank of private to general during the U.S. Civil War. On June 13, 1863, Gould confronted Forrest about his transfer, which escalated into a violent exchange. DEO VINDICE". On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. He did not say it that way, and nobody who knows anything about him imagines that he did.[226]. Uniforms & Relics: 18: May 8, 2021: U.S. [80] Booth and his adjutant were killed in the battle, leaving Fort Pillow under the command of Major William Bradford. [198] The Nathan Bedford Forrest Statue in Nashville was particularly notable for its idiosyncratic depiction of Forrest on horseback. Forest of Confederate fame was at our head, and was known as the Grand Wizard. Forrest sent a full charge after the retreating army and captured 16 artillery pieces, 176 wagons, and 1,500 stands of small arms. [196] The World War II Army base Camp Forrest in Tullahoma, Tennessee was named after him. [13] His blacksmith father was of English descent, and most of his biographers state that his mother was of Scotch-Irish descent, but the Memphis Genealogical Society says that she was of English descent. Subsequently, then-Mayor A C Wharton urged that the statue of Forrest be removed from the Health Sciences Park and suggested that the remains of Forrest and his wife be relocated to their original burial site in nearby Elmwood Cemetery. Nathan Bedford Forrest In The Civil War Forrest volunteered as a private in the Confederate Army on June 14, 1861, but at the request of Tennessee's governor, Isham G. Harris, he raised and equipped an entire cavalry battalion at his own expense; the former private was made a lieutenant colonel. [13], Forrest served with the main army at the Battle of Chickamauga on September 1820, 1863, in which he pursued the retreating U.S. Army and took hundreds of prisoners. For this, he would later be promoted to the rank of lieutenant general on March 2, 1865. "Get there first with the most men". [181], In response to the Pole-Bearers speech, the Cavalry Survivors Association of Augusta, the first Confederate organization formed after the war, called a meeting in which Captain F. Edgeworth Eve gave a speech expressing strong disapproval of Forrest's remarks promoting inter-ethnic harmony, ridiculing his faculties and judgment and berating the woman who gave Forrest flowers as "a mulatto wench". A crowd gathers around the Nathan Bedford Forrest monument in Memphis' Forrest Park, 1906 Photo via Wikimedia Commons So, they're digging up old Nathan Bedford Forrest over in Memphis . Forrest spoke in the encouragement of black advancement and endeavored to be a proponent for espousing peace and harmony between black and white Americans. Conflicting accounts of what occurred were given later.[87][88][89]. [171], Forrest testified before the Congressional investigation of Klan activities on June 27, 1871. [129], On July 5, 1875, Forrest gave a speech before the Independent Order of Pole-Bearers Association, a post-war organization of black Southerners advocating to improve black people's economic condition and gain equal rights for all citizens. Nathan Bedford Forrest (1821-1877) was a Confederate general during the Civil War (1861-65). In June 2021, the remains of Forrest and his wife were exhumed from Health Sciences Park, where they had been buried for over 100 years, and a monument of him once stood. In all, the maneuver cost Forrest 96 men killed and 396 wounded. In 1978, Middle Tennessee State University abandoned imagery it had formerly used (in 1951, the school's yearbook, The Midlander, featured the first appearance of Forrest's likeness as MTSU's official mascot) and MTSU president M. G. Scarlett removed the General's image from the university's official seal. [213] The ROTC building at MTSU had been named Forrest Hall to honor him in 1958, but the frieze depicting General Forrest on horseback that had adorned the side of the building was removed amid protests in 2006. and The Mansion ), none of the eleven fictions that mention . 200. The Nathan Bedford Forrest statue was removed along Interstate 65 on Tuesday, December 7, 2021, during in Nashville, Tenn. A few vehicles left the site and the security guard locked the gate. Gen. James Chalmers, attacked and recaptured Fort Pillow. Nathan Bedford Forrest. [193][194], Many memorials have been erected to Forrest, especially in Tennessee and adjacent southern states. [172] In Louisiana, 1,000 blacks were killed to suppress Republican voting. [158] Author Andrew Ward, however, writes, "In the spring of 1867, Forrest and his dragoons launched a campaign of midnight parades; 'ghost' masquerades; and 'whipping' and even 'killing Negro voters and white Republicans, to scare blacks off voting and running for office'". Grant . Although he could not change the course for the confederate loss to the union, he did . The Klan's violence was primarily designed to intimidate voters, targeting black and white supporters of the Republican Party. Historians have differed in their interpretations of the events at Fort Pillow. Either could have been the officer in charge of the event Lucius recalls in The Reivers - "legend to some people maybe. Avoiding attack by never staying in one place long, Forrest eventually led his troops during the spring and summer of 1864 on raids into west Tennessee, as far north as the banks of the Ohio River in southwest Kentucky and into north Mississippi. Achilles Clark, a soldier with the 20th Tennessee cavalry, wrote to his sisters immediately after the battle: The slaughter was awful. [26], Nathan Bedford Forrest was a tall man who stood sixfeet twoinches (1.88m) in height and weighed about 180 pounds (13st; 82kg);[27][28][29][30] He was noted as having a "striking and commanding presence" by U.S. Army Captain Lewis Hosea, an aide to Gen. James H. Wilson. Nathan B. Forrest III was born in Memphis, Tenn., in April 1905. Removing the bust of Nathan Bedford Forrest from the capitol would move us a step closer toward ensuring that the history we choose to celebrate and honor in our public spaces reflects respect and . [100], At the time of the massacre, General Grant was no longer in Tennessee but had transferred to the east to command all U.S. troops. In 1869, Forrest expressed disillusionment with the lack of discipline in the white supremacist terrorist group across the South,[8] and issued a letter ordering the dissolution of the Ku Klux Klan as well as the destruction of its costumes; he then withdrew from the organization. The Blue Raiders' athletic mascot was changed to an ambiguous swash-buckler character called the "Blue Raider" to avoid association with Forrest or the Confederacy. 1825 Pilot Knob Road. [248] Brett Joseph Forrest, a direct descendant of Nathan, spoke in support of the bust's removal. [97] It was the Confederacy's publicly stated position that formerly enslaved people firing on whites would be killed on the spot, along with Southern whites that fought for the Union, whom the Confederacy considered traitors. A contemporary newspaper account from Jackson, Tennessee stated that "General Forrest begged them to surrender", but "not the first sign of surrender was ever given". [201], A monument to Forrest in the Confederate Circle section of Old Live Oak Cemetery in Selma, Alabama reads "Defender of Selma, Wizard of the Saddle, Untutored Genius, The first with the most. When he received news of Lee's surrender, Forrest surrendered as well. Newspaper correspondent Sylvanus Cadwallader, who traveled with Grant for three years during his campaigns, wrote that Forrest "was the only Confederate cavalryman of whom Grant stood in much dread". He was not as successful in railroad promotion as in war, and, under his direction, the company went bankrupt. [109] When Sturgis's Federal army came upon the crossroads, they collided with Forrest's cavalry. [184][185], Just a few months before his death, Forrest attended an African-American barbecue in Memphis. "[254] In 2021 Sexton voted against the removal of the bust of Forrest from the Tennessee State Capitol and into the Tennessee State Museum, but only one other legislator agreed with him, and the bust was removed. [58][59], Forrest returned to his base in Mississippi with more men than he had started with. [215], The Forrest Hill Academy high school in Atlanta, Georgia, which had been named for Forrest, was renamed the Hank Aaron New Beginnings Academy in April 2021 after the Atlanta Braves baseball star who had died less than three months prior. At the onset of the war in 1861, Jeffery and Nathan each enlisted as a Private into Captain Josiah White's Tennessee Mounted Rifles, a command that would later be designated the 7th Tennessee Cavalry. [216], Forrest is considered one of the Civil War's most brilliant tacticians by the historian Spencer C. [225] Though it was a novel and succinct condensation of the military principles of mass and maneuver, Bruce Catton writes of the spurious quote: Do not, under any circumstances whatever, quote Forrest as saying 'fustest' and 'mostest'. As a slave trader how many slaves did Nathan Bedford Forrest sell? Nathan Bedford Forrest Bust.jpg 2,150 2,688; 2.22 MB. Congressman, RI: Biographies of the Civil War: 1: Apr 19, 2021: Committee Recommends Statue of Nathan Forrest Be Placed in Museum, Not in Public: Concerns About Civil War Monuments and Sites . [82] As the U.S. Army troops surrendered, Forrest's men opened fire, slaughtering black and white U.S. Army soldiers. Streight's goal changed from dismantling the railroad to escaping the pursuit. [55], Promoted on July 21, 1862, to brigadier general, Forrest was given command of a Confederate cavalry brigade. When was Nathan born? Before the war, Forrest amassed substantial wealth as a cotton plantation owner, horse, and cattle trader, real estate broker, and slave trader. Legislative Branch-Dixon, Nathan Fellows II - U.S. As of 2007[update], Tennessee had 32 dedicated historical markers linked to Nathan Bedford Forrest, more than are dedicated to all three former Presidents associated with the state combined: Andrew Jackson, James K. Polk, and Andrew Johnson. He was a big, rough man, 6-foot-2-inches, over 200 pounds, during a time when . Born into a poor settler family, Nathan had a twin sister, Fanny. He then mounted a second horse, shot out from under him, forcing him to mount a third horse. "[177], After the lynch mob murder of four black people who had been arrested for defending themselves in a brawl at a barbecue, Forrest wrote to Tennessee Governor John C. Brown in August 1874 and "volunteered to help 'exterminate' those men responsible for the continued violence against the blacks", offering "to exterminate the white marauders who disgrace their race by this cowardly murder of Negroes". [68] Gould shot Forrest in the hip, and Forrest mortally stabbed Gould. The illness also claimed Forrest's twin sister, Fanny. The effort was spearheaded by Take 'Em Down 901, an organization dedicated to removing Confederate iconography founded by activist Tami Sawyer. [113] U.S. Army forces drove the Confederates from the field, and Forrest was wounded in the foot, but his forces were not wholly destroyed. On May 9, 1865, at Gainesville, Forrest read his farewell address to the men under his command, urging them to "submit to the powers to be, and to aid in restoring peace and establishing law and order throughout the land. Nathan Bedford Forrest (July 13, 1821 - October 29, 1877) was a lieutenant general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Forrest died of acute complications from diabetes at the Memphis home of his brother, Jesse. The association voted unanimously to amend its constitution to expressly forbid publicly advocating for or hinting at any association of white women and girls as being in the same classes as "females of the negro race". [46] Forrest's command included his Escort Company (his "Special Forces"), for which he selected the best soldiers available. [212] Leaders in other localities have also tried to remove or eliminate Forrest monuments, with mixed success. A surgeon removed the musket ball a week later without anesthesia, which was unavailable. Was Nathan a Confederate or Union member . At this, his last public appearance, he made what The New York Times described as a "friendly speech"[178][179] during which, when offered a bouquet by a young black woman, he accepted them,[180] thanked her and kissed her on the cheek. [169] The Democratic Party platform denounced the Reconstruction Acts as unconstitutional, void, and revolutionary. [4] While scholars generally acknowledge Forrest's skills and acumen as a cavalry leader and military strategist, he is a controversial figure in U.S. history for his role in the massacre of several hundred U.S. Army soldiers at Fort Pillow, a majority of them black, coupled with his role following the war as a leader of the Klan. In Room 10 of the Maxwell, Forrest was sworn in as a member by John W. [24] In 1859, he bought two large cotton plantations in Coahoma County, Mississippi and a half-interest in another plantation in Arkansas;[25] by October 1860, he owned at least 3,345 acres in Mississippi. [143] The title "Grand Wizard" was chosen because General Forrest had been known as "The Wizard of the Saddle" during the war. Birthday: July 13, 1821 ( Cancer) Born In: Bedford County, Tennessee, United States 24 18 Military Leaders #37 Leaders #221 Quick Facts Nick Name: Old Bed, Devil Forrest, Wizard of the Saddle Died At Age: 56 Family: father: William Forrest mother: Miriam Beck siblings: Colonel Jesse Forrest, John Cimprich Military Leaders American Men "War means fighting, and fighting means killing". This is the story of the Confederate cavalry leader that Shelby Foote called one of the authentic geniuses produced by the American Civil War. Sister: Mildred Forrest (1831-1841) Brother: Bedford Forest (b. [214] A significant push to change its name failed on February 16, 2018, when the governor-controlled Tennessee Historical Commission denied Middle Tennessee State University's petition to rename Forrest Hall. In retaliation, Forrest shot and killed two of them with his two-shot pistol and wounded two others with a knife thrown to him. Booth. I think people may make insensitive comments. 5.] [251][252] However, since that time, Governor Bill Lee's administration introduced a bill passed by the Tennessee legislature on June 10, 2020 which released the governor from the former requirement that he proclaim that observance each year and a spokesperson for Governor Lee confirmed that he would not be signing a Forrest Day proclamation in July 2020. Local lawyer and radio host Rose Sanders said, "Glorifying Nathan B. Forrest here is like glorifying a Nazi in Germany. [13], In 1841 Forrest went into business with his uncle Jonathan Forrest in Hernando, Mississippi. John Goodwin, of Forrest's cavalry command, forwarded a dispatch listing the prisoners captured. According to Richard L. Fuchs, "records concerning the fate of the black prisoners are either nonexistent or unreliable". 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Under Forrest during the Civil War ( 1861-65 ) promoted on July 21, 1862, to brigadier general Forrest! There is more to the massacre the maneuver cost Forrest 96 men killed and 396 wounded memory on.. At our head, and nobody who knows anything about him imagines that he did. 87! The mostest '' started with could not change the course for the Confederate cavalry leader Shelby.