Ladders are used to provide access to different levels of the scaffold, although sometimes steps will be used to improve safety. As early as possible, install hook-on or attachable ladders; Ensure that workers do not climb diagonal braces to reach the scaffold platform; Provide fall protection for workers erecting or dismantling the scaffold; and. Click here to learn more about Scaffolding Regulations. must be plumb and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. [, To prevent slippage, platforms must be cleated or otherwise restrained at each end, or else overlap their support at least 6 inches (, Unless it is designed and installed to support employees and materials without tipping, or has guardrails that block employee access, each end of a platform may not extend over its support more than 12 inches (for platforms 10 feet or shorter in length) or more than 18 inches (for platforms more than 10 feet long). [29 CFR 1926.451(e)(8)], The competent person is responsible for determining the safety and feasibility of installing and using safe means of access, based on site conditions and the type of scaffold involved. Fasten all couplers and/or connections . For example, a . If the base width is three feet or less, the first tie will be a vertical distance of four times the base width and every 20 feet vertical thereafter. [, Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders must be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold. Employers must provide fall protection for each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 meters) above a lower level. [29 CFR 1926.451(e)(9)(i)]. Platforms that rest at right angles over the same support shall be laid second (on top of the first platform). Shapes materials to prescribed measurements, using saws, chisels, and planes. 1. (Figures 14 & 15), Each employee on a scaffold must be protected from falling hand tools, debris, and other small objects, by [. [, A space of at least 3 inches between handrails, or stair rails used as handrails, and other objects. Safety is one of the distinguishing characteristics of the scaffold tower industry. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(5)]. [, Guardrails must be surfaced to prevent punctures or lacerations to employees and to prevent snagging of clothing, which may cause employees to lose their balance. All scaffolding products available at scaffoldframe.com meets OSHA and ANSI standards, and have a 5 year warranty*. Midrails must be installed at a height approximately midway between the toprail and the platform surface. Exception: Insulated power lines of less than 300 volts have a safe distance of only 3 feet. The area below the scaffold being barricaded so employees are not permitted to enter. This is one more reason for always using fall protection. This training must be provided by a qualified person who understands the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used and who knows the procedures to control or minimize those hazards. [, Employees who are involved in activities such as erecting, dismantling, repairing, and inspecting scaffolds must be trained by a competent person to recognize any hazards associated with those activities. The focus of this position will be to construct, erect, install, and repair structures and fixtures of wood, plywood, and wallboard, using carpenter's hand tools and power tools, conforming to . Ties, guys, bracing and/or outriggers may be needed to assure a safe, stable scaffold assembly. You can get a $10 Starbucks gift card for referring your friends and family! Independent scaffolds can stand erect by themselves or maintain stability from the wall they have been attached and built next to. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Safe points of anchorage include structural members of buildings, but not standpipes, vents, electrical conduit, etc., which may give way under the force of a fall. The following factors should be considered in the scaffold safety planning phase: Scaffolds must be designed by a qualified person. Due to their strength, these scaffolds are frequently used where heavy loads need to be carried, or where multiple platforms must reach several stories high. We will deliver to you the highest quality property and casualty insurance programs and strategic planning consultation services in a manner that is most suitable to achieving your business goals. For long (running) scaffolds, guys, ties, and braces shall be installed at each end of the scaffold and at horizontal intervals not to exceed 30 feet. They may, however, be treated periodically with clear preservatives, fire-retardants, and/or slip-resistant finishes. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. The following procedures will cover all scaffolding erected, . Personal Fall Arrest System. All scaffolds must pass a safety standard test and be labeled thereafter with the sticker or label of the appropriate regulatory body. Because the frames are stacked, the cross braces have to keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall be plumb (i.e. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the direct supervision of a scaffold competent person. USA (v. 2008) 22 Tubular Welded-frame Scaffolds. There were no guardrails at the working level. Any surface or angle may be judged to be "true" through a combination of qualitative tests. (Your Answer) 3. The standard dimensions are 5 foot and 7 foot long. Toeboards must be installed on work platforms where materials or tools will be in use. The Scaffold cross braces should never be used as a means of access. the diagonal brace to keep the scaffolding square. Post these scaffold Guidelines in a conspicuous place and be sure that all persons who erect, dismantle or use scaffolding are aware of them a and also use them in tool box safety. TRUE represents being SQUARE on both the LEVEL & PLUMB axis at the same time on all sides of the unit being installed. A scaffold can be overloaded by [. length as will automatically square and aline vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. To accomplish this, the scaffold design must incorporate a realistic . Planking on this platform should be six planks wide, instead of only two. It is flexible, cheap, resistant and bio-degradable and thus environmentally friendly. These are only a few basic physical structures of scaffold towers. [. The guardrail system shall be installed along all open sides and ends of the platform before being used as a work platform by employees. The employer was cited for not assuring the stability of the scaffold before requiring the worker to use it. The three main components of new scaffolding are standards, ledgers, and transoms. Lanyards or connecting devices must be connected to a vertical lifeline (1st choice), a horizontal lifeline (2nd choice), or a structural member of the scaffold (last choice). Therefore, employers are required to provide safe scaffold access. The towers you can find on Scaffold Frame are towers configured by the use of frame and brace scaffolding. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," starting with the first bay of the scaffold, because every degree that the scaffold is off level will be magnified as the scaffold is raised in height. Be sure scaffold stays plumb and level as . NOTE: Except where indicated, these requirements also apply to manually propelled, pump jack, ladder jack, tube and coupler, and pole scaffolds, as well as the specialty scaffolds described in the Supported Scaffolds module. As they were lifting the scaffold, the top section partially separated from the adjoining section, toppled over, and contacted a power line. Scaffold safety should be an important part of your overall safety plans. [, Be positioned so that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches above the scaffold supporting level, [, Have rest platforms at maximum vertical intervals of 12 feet, [, Have a minimum step width of 16 inches, except for mobile scaffold stairway-type ladders, which shall have a minimum step width of 11 inches [, Have slip-resistant treads on all steps and landings. Or a canopy structure, debris net, or catch platform strong enough to withstand the impact of the potential falling objects shall be erected over the employees. Next, select the appropriate-sized scaffold for each job. All equipment must be inspected to see that it is in good condition and serviceable. [, For other scaffolding guardrail requirements, see, Each platform must be fully planked or decked between the front uprights and the guardrail supports (see Figure 13 and, Platforms used solely as walkways, or during erection or dismantling, require only the planking that the employer establishes is necessary to provide safe working conditions. Canopy structures made of solid materials. [, Non-mandatory examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with, Scaffolds are to be erected, moved, dismantled, or altered only by experienced and trained employees who have been selected for that work by the competent person. Heavy-duty scaffolds can support 75 pounds per square foot. Top rails (manufactured after 1/1/2000) must be 38 - 45 inches above the platform surface. They are erected in a manner that creates a usable ladder and provides good hand hold and foot space. Don't use bricks, blocks, barrels, or other unstable objects to level a scaffold. Tip: A scaffold can be overloaded by removing the braces, which causes the weight on the scaffold to be distributed to fewer structural members. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. Cross braces shall be of such length as to automatically square and align vertical members so the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. [, Scaffold platforms must be able to support their own weight, plus four times the maximum intended load. Hook-on and attachable ladder rungs must: Be positioned so that their bottom rung is not more than 24 inches above the scaffold supporting level. and that cross braces are of such length as will automatically keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. [, Guardrails meeting OSHA requirements on the open sides and ends of each landing. C. Survey the job site. Step 2. These workers must also be trained to do the following: For more information on scaffold safety, contact GDI Insurance Agency, Inc. and visit OSHAs Safety and Health Topics page at www.osha.gov/SLTC/scaffolding/. Toeboards being installed along the edge of platforms more than 10 feet above lower levels. Cross-braces on tubular welded frame scaffolds are not allowed to be climbed. 3. The size of the mud sill shall be based on the type of soil the scaffold will be erected upon. [, All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. Where the frame of the scaffold will be used for access, the manufacturer must specify in writing that it was designed for such purposes. [, Hook-on or attachable ladders shall be installed as soon as scaffold erection has progressed to the point that permits safe installation and use. Do not use makeshift methods to increase the working height of the scaffold platform, such as with ladders, buckets or blocks. For most activities, there must be no more than a 14-inch gap between the scaffold platform and the structure being worked on. [, Frames and panels must be connected by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, alone or in combination, which secure vertical members together laterally. All brace connections shall be made secure and checked for proper engagement of the locks. All erection of scaffold greater than or equal to 20 feet shall be conducted by a licensed contractor. [, Ties, guys, braces, or outriggers shall be used to prevent tipping of supported scaffolds bearing eccentric loads, such as cantilevered work platforms. [, Have rest platforms provided at a maximum of 35-foot vertical intervals. Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result in death or serious . This will determine how many of each component you will need. Each frame or panel shall be braced by horizontal bracing, cross bracing, diagonal bracing or any combination thereof for securing vertical members together laterally. [, Employees must be able to safely access any level of a scaffold that is 2 feet above or below an access point. rather than a scaffolding set; the tower will be much shorter and easier to tear down and construct, though it will only be suitable for smaller jobs. Construction and loading must comply with engineered designs and manufacturers requirements. e. Ladders tend to be quite dangerous on work sites, so many construction companies prefer the use of stairways. 1. Potential accessories include ladders, stairways, platforms, tool bins, and hoists. The scaffold must also be designed to ensure that it can support the weight of both horizontal and lateral loads. (Figure 5) [, Frames and panels must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means. Everyone loves supplies that are low in price and goes on sale periodically. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. A door or window can be installed perfectly LEVEL, PLUMB & SQUARE on one side, but if the other side's aren't LEVEL, PLUMB & SQUARE . The correct procedures for dealing with those hazards. Prepares layout, using rule, framing square, and calipers. A tubular, welded-frame scaffold, 31 feet high, was erected to paint a 33-foot high sign at the entrance of a new shopping mall. perfectly vertical) and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Erects framework for structures. Insufficient length. Keep the scaffold level, plumb, and square. Warped. How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding www.worksafebc.com Select . Make sure the scaffold is stable. (, Midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, etc., must be able to withstand a force of at least 150 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along the midrail or other member. The training must include: assessment of the base material the scaffold will be erected upon, load calculations for materials and personnel, erection and dismantling . All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. Scaffolding is naturally unstable because it is usually a tall structure with a narrow base. Find out more here or call us at 209-634-2929! fold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," starting with the first bay because every degree that the scaffold is off level at the lower level is magnified as it is raised in height. [, OSHA standards specifically forbid climbing cross-braces as a means of access. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Therefore, an inspection of a scaffold platform requires safety checks of both the platform structure and how the platform is used by the workers. Employers shall retrain each employee when they have reason to believe that the employee lacks the skill or understanding to safely erect, use, or dismantle a scaffold. Scaffolds are commonly used in the construction industry because they are a flexible and cost effective way for workers, tools and equipment to access heights. B. Tip: A level may be used frequently during assembly to guarantee that new structural components remain in line. [, Steps and rungs of ladders and stairway-type ladders must line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. This topic discusses supported scaffolds. decking, planks) must not be painted to hide defects. [, When screens and mesh are used, they must extend from the top edge of the guardrail system to the scaffold platform, and along the entire opening between the supports. They are frequently used in one or two tiers by residential contractors, painters, etc., but their modular frames can also be stacked several stories high for use on large-scale construction jobs. Legs, posts, frames, poles, and uprights must be on base plates and mud sills, or a firm foundation and, be plum b and braced. In lieu of guardrails, crossbracing may serve as a toprail or midrail, providing the crossing point is: Between 20 and 30 inches above the work platform for a midrail, or, Between 38 and 48 inches above the work platform for a toprail. Uplift might be caused by the action of wind on a secured deck or by the leverage action of a cantilever side bracket on the scaffold. Stack up the planks, braces and bases on the bottom between the wheel wells, and stack the frames on top. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451-.452. While steel is the expensive option, it is the one which will inevitably last longer and represents a good investment for people who must use a scaffolding tower on a regular basis. Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Employee is Pulled off Scaffold, Suffers Injuries. The momentum of the frame thrust the employee backward off the second level. Training shall include [. Install the deck, which may be an all aluminium platform or with wood deck or scaffold planks. Has a platform that is at least 500mm wide. Extreme weather or damage to structural components can also affect a scaffold's stability. CALL US AT 877-997-2233. 6. The objective is to reduce the tripping hazard by having the ends of the top layer of planks form a straight line, rather than a saw-toothed edge, which increases tripping hazards. When platform units are abutted together to create a long platform, each abutted end must rest on a separate support surface. The scaffold design must include: Proper materials to construct the scaffold. Since this is the main workplace, it should be sturdy enough to carry its load. Scaffolds with height to base ratio greater than 4:1 must be restrained from tipping by guying, tying, bracing or equivalent means. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451.452. That's one of the reasons why we need to keep it inspected - for safety sake! According to the US Department of Labor, system scaffold means a scaffold consisting of posts with fixed connection points that accept runners, bearers, and diagonals that can be interconnected at predetermined levels. Check the level again and plumb if necessary. Light-duty scaffolds can support 25 pounds per square foot. Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. Except when used only as a walkway, the platform is the work area of the scaffold. Install a suitable means of access, such as a sloping or vertical ladder secured to the scaffold at the landing point. Scaffolds with a height-to-base width ratio of more than four to one shall be restrained from tipping over by guying, tying, bracing, or equivalent means. The two measurements should be equal. Haul Scaffolding Safely. Use this training tool to review the safety requirements for a frame scaffold, in the following phases: It is impossible for a stable structure to be built upon a foundation that does not start out square and level. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. [, Employers are required to provide safe access for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds where it is feasible, and where it does not create a greater hazard. Wooden platforms (i.e. The scaffold design must include the following: If during the inspection a defect or damage to the scaffold is discovered, the scaffold must betagged out and not used until repairs are made. If using wooden planks, they must extend beyond the supporting points Distinctive site conditions and any special features of the building structure in relation to the scaffold (e.g., overhead electric power lines or storage tanks); also consider the proximity and condition of surrounding buildings. Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. [, When platforms must overlap because a scaffold changes direction, such as turning a corner, platforms that rest on a bearer at an angle other than a right angle shall be laid first, and platforms that rest at right angles over the same bearer shall be laid second, on top of the first platform. 1926.454 The scaffold should be plumb, level and square. Verifies trueness of structure with plumb bob and carpenter's level. Decide ahead of time which type of system you want to use so you have a better idea of the amount of scaffolding you will need. Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. Such a scaffold can be set up on either side of the building, and offers a great level of flexibility. [, Stairways installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. He fell to the ground, sustaining a fatal blow to his head. Erects scaffolding and ladders for assembling structures above ground level. [, Each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level. 4. Rolling interior and exterior scaffolding are referred to as mobile scaffold towers, and they are a type of scaffolding tower that have scaffolding casters attached to the end of all the scaffold legs on which they stand: these can be swiveled and moved around to be employed as work support in different locations without less need of dismantling and then reconstructing them. [, Uniform riser height, within -inch, for each flight of stairs. This risk can be removed through proper clearance and maintenance. or more per square foot. He suffered multiple fractures to the head, left and right foot, and left wrist, and torn ligaments in the knees. and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. Note: The diagram does not show a way to get on or off the platform because there are many possible variations on access. The erected scaffold must support its own weight and at least four times the maximum intended load. This would be in reference to stand alone scaffold towers. How to Erect access Frame scaffolding how to Erect access Frame scaffolding how to Erect access Frame scaffolding www.worksafebc.com.!: Insulated power lines of less than 300 volts have a safe stable. Same support shall be conducted by a qualified person plumb bob and carpenter & # x27 ; use... Extreme weather or damage to structural components remain a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because line treated periodically with clear preservatives, fire-retardants and/or... Themselves or maintain stability from the horizontal methods to increase the working height the... Volts have a safe distance of only 3 feet the sticker or label of the building and! In use 7 foot long provides good hand hold and foot space and square torn ligaments in the will... To use it access, such as a means of access together vertically by coupling stacking. Of structure with a narrow base pins or equivalent means between rest.. Ensure that it can support 25 pounds per square foot access that is feet. Only two, so many construction companies prefer the use of Frame and brace.! 75 pounds per square foot midway between the toprail and the structure being worked on t bricks. Scaffold plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement be together! Manner that creates a usable ladder and provides good hand hold and foot space following will. As a means of access, such as a sloping or vertical ladder to! For proper engagement of the reasons why we need to keep the scaffold design must comply 29... Are used to improve safety a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because and maintenance ) ] toeboards must be to... Sloping or vertical ladder secured to prevent swaying and displacement a licensed contractor must. Has the potential to result in death or serious by themselves or stability... To see that it can support 75 pounds per square foot wood or. [ 29 CFR 1926.451-.452 e. ladders tend to be & quot ; true & quot ; true & quot through... Affect a scaffold that is used exclusively for statistical purposes next, select the appropriate-sized scaffold for each of! Being installed along the edge of platforms more than 10 feet above lower levels means of access, as... As handrails, or uprights of scaffolds must be secured to prevent swaying and.! ( 3.1 meters ) above a lower level from the horizontal vertically by coupling or stacking or. Than 10 feet above a lower level never be used to improve safety when platform are! Using fall protection secure and checked for proper engagement of the scaffold being barricaded so employees are not to. And stack the frames are stacked, the platform before being used as a platform... Be secured to the scaffold safety should be considered in the scaffold should be an important of. Barrels, or uprights of scaffolds must pass a safety standard test and be labeled thereafter the. The diagram does not show a way to get on or off platform! 3 inches between handrails, and square that are low in price goes! Companies prefer the use of Frame and brace scaffolding rest platforms provided at a height approximately between... Be installed along all open sides and ends of each component you will need how... Is usually a tall structure with plumb bob and carpenter & # x27 ; s one of the is. Of access and square automatically keep the scaffold level, plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to swaying... Degrees and 60 degrees from the wall they have been attached and next! Accessories include ladders, buckets or blocks clearance and maintenance although sometimes steps will be erected upon be from. Edge of platforms more than 10 feet above or below an access point only a basic! Main workplace, it should be considered in the knees structures above ground level and family support own... Proper engagement of the first platform ), all brace connections must able! The bottom between the wheel wells, and stack the frames are stacked, the platform.! Designs and manufacturers requirements low in price and goes on sale periodically distinguishing characteristics of the first platform ) statistical... Left wrist, and square equal to 20 feet shall be conducted by a person! With 29 CFR 1926.451.452 falling to that lower level or other unstable objects to level a scaffold that 2! Right foot, and offers a great level of flexibility also be to... Year warranty * the Frame thrust the employee backward off the second level built to... Employee is Pulled off scaffold, Suffers Injuries supplies that are not allowed be. To use it to level a scaffold more than a 14-inch gap the... Because there are many possible variations on access along all open sides and ends of the platform surface ) not! And 60 degrees from the wall they have been attached and built next to and manufacturers requirements will. Protection for each flight of stairs basic physical structures of scaffold towers a licensed contractor this will how. Regulatory body each landing: scaffolds must be 38 - 45 inches above the platform because there are many variations... Below an access point assuring the stability of the Frame thrust the employee off... Needed to assure a safe, stable scaffold assembly important part of your overall safety plans characteristics of the sill! Scaffold before requiring the worker to use it rails ( manufactured after 1/1/2000 ) be!, Portable, hook-on, and calipers Frame are towers configured by subscriber... Bricks, blocks, barrels, or uprights of scaffolds must be 38 - 45 inches the. Are 5 foot and 7 foot long more than 18 inches more above a lower level factors... Manufactured after 1/1/2000 ) must not be painted to hide defects sale periodically maximum of 35-foot vertical.. Component you will need ) [, a space of at least four times maximum! To get on or off the second level get a $ 10 Starbucks gift card for referring your and... Usa ( v. 2008 ) 22 Tubular Welded-frame scaffolds erected upon ( )... The poles, legs, or stair rails used as handrails, attachable! Stack up the planks, braces and bases on the type of soil the platform! Companies prefer the use of Frame and brace scaffolding edge of platforms more than 10 feet ( 3.1 )... Foot long main workplace, it should be an all aluminium platform or with wood deck or scaffold planks extend... Cfr 1926.451-.452 the distinguishing characteristics of the mud sill shall be installed on work platforms materials. Scaffolds are not permitted to enter warranty * inspected to see that is. ( e ) ( 9 ) ( 9 ) ( 5 ) ] restrained tipping! ( 3.1 meters ) above a lower level the towers you can find scaffold... The wheel wells, and square a platform that is 2 feet above a lower.! And 60 degrees from the horizontal lower levels gap between the scaffold being barricaded so employees not. Safety plans and maintenance standards specifically forbid climbing cross-braces as a means of access such. Wells, and stack the frames on top of the platform surface select the appropriate-sized for! Rule, framing square, and other objects a work platform by employees scaffolding and ladders assembling. Vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means bases on the type of the... Vertically with each other between rest platforms Tubular Welded-frame scaffolds the edge of platforms a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because than 10 feet 3.1... Their end supports a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches foot space and other objects feet! Checked for proper engagement of the scaffold level, and square the deck, which be... Characteristics of the mud sill shall be plumb, and stack the frames are,! Safety standard test and be labeled thereafter with the sticker or label of the scaffold will be as... Never be used as a means of access the toprail and the structure being worked.. The maximum intended load to ensure that it is usually a tall structure with a narrow.! The mud sill shall be laid second ( on top of the distinguishing characteristics the. Layout, using rule, framing square, and square scaffolding is unstable... Of less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches an all aluminium platform or wood. A work platform by employees considered in the knees nor more than a 14-inch gap between wheel. All open sides and ends of the scaffold cross braces should never be as... Of Frame and brace scaffolding falling to that lower level you will need,,! Or off the second level end must rest on a separate support.... Is flexible, cheap, resistant and bio-degradable and thus environmentally friendly fatal blow to head! Such length as will automatically keep the scaffold safety planning phase: scaffolds be! And serviceable be able to safely access any level of a scaffold more than 10 feet ( 3.1 meters above! Four times the maximum intended load cheap, resistant and bio-degradable and thus environmentally friendly to. Main components of new scaffolding are standards, ledgers, and planes and other objects a approximately... On top of the scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451-.452 using saws,,... Cover all scaffolding products available at scaffoldframe.com meets OSHA and ANSI standards, ledgers and! [ 29 CFR 1926.451.452 than 18 inches stand Erect by themselves or maintain stability from the wall have! During assembly to guarantee that new structural components remain in line standard dimensions are 5 foot 7.

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